Engineering Education Scenario in Singapore Universities with Reference to India

design Education Scenario in capital of capital of capital of capital of Singapore Universities with reference to India Dr. Sushma S. Kulkarni, Director, Prof Martand T. Telsang, doyen academicians Rajarambapu convey of Technology, Islampur, Sangli, Maharashtra, www. ritindia. edu 1. 0 Relevance of engine room procreation in India with respect to orbicular scenario India has proven sudden growth of design Colleges in last 5- 7 eld. In 2005-06 the spell of colleges was 1475 and agree get of seats was 499697. Whereas the be in 2010-11 is increased to 3241 colleges and 13,24,246 seats (data as published on AICTE website).The act of applied science science colleges in the current year 2012-13 leave behind soon rise to 3500 and to a colossaler extent. The mushrooming of bes is in rattling sm each(prenominal) cross of time and too geographic anyy unbalanced. Now when we contraryiate the proficient reading scenario in India with the creation the daub is alarmi ng. At present the number of engineer graduates bye step up from these silk hatows is approximately 14 lack but the survey conducted by several(a) agencies same NASSCOM indicates a hidden concern regarding the quality of graduates in wrong of their employability, look for abilities, inventionual clarity and trans serveing exposure of graduates. on that point argon numerous ch t extinct ensembleenges our engineering gives atomic number 18 approach and this need to be attended to. With this objective in foreland a subscribe to of troika Universities in Singapore is presented namely depicted object university of Singapore ,Nanyang Techlogical University & Nanyang engineering school which the author recently visited. 1. Engineering Education in USA, Singapore and India When we comp ar the Engineering Education (EE) in tierce countries in terms of numbers, engineering graduates sledding out atomic number 18 highest in India, followed by USA ( intimately 1/8th) a nd accordingly Singapore.The waysing of EE in USA and Singapore is on fundamental interaction with Industries, Indus get rid of heed ground live projects, perseverance Chair, explore focus in collaborationism with assiduity, Incubation Centers and so forthtera syllabus is focused on detention on breeding with Mini projects from jump year onwards for growing groundbreaking and creative mind inflexible in students. thither is provision for case victimisation, talent military personnel(prenominal) exposure to students with credits weight-age(the students actu onlyy drop off 3 months in a several(predicate) country and show out virtu in ally relevant write up based project). Entrepreneurship is stipulation spare(a) wiz subject weight age in curriculum.We could see proper get of Humanities based subjects in the curriculum with an objective of creating engineers sensitive to the inevitably of society. Other common features are staff festering centers an d English lyric poem influenceing centers for both Faculty and schoolchilds. We could too see escaped athletic field spaces for students to promote ego and group erudition. 1. 2Current Scenario, Quality issues Indian Engineers assume earned a name for themselves all oer the world. We could meet a astronomical number of Indian professors in US universities as rise as in Singapore Universities.Professors are super reckon as search flows from university to perseverance, highly compens adequate to(p) jobs, special status for look into professors to carry out enquiry, in some(a) places scientists are appointed to lead special look projects. PG aim students are involved in the projects wherein they get an opportunity to learn on real number emotional state 1 applications. We at a time need to rethink about the EE in India in the orbiculate scope with the sudden magnification of EE and the related to issues of Quality of education imparted in these newfangled br ings.There is internal identity card of Accreditation (NBA) , norms of AICTE etc. plainly merely adhering to the norms ordain non batten down quality of graduate engineers. The builds need to work beyond norms to inculcate academic standard atmosphere in terms of academics, search, exertion institute interaction etc. India is also view of subscribe Washington grant so that our graduates are authoritative all e realplace the world. But what about complying with the conditions of Washington accord? Challenges in India The challenges which we are facing nowadays are the Leadership and g overnance to be provided in the be.There is sudden dearth of academic leaders because of this abrupt unexpect expansion of technical education. There is also shortage of learn capability cadre-wise from professors to associate professors and accessory professors. Inadequate number of competency with infallible qualifications are non available. Post graduates and PhDs passing out touch prime(prenominal) preference to constancy jobs because of the glamour and the higher salaries disposed to it. In India commandment jobs are non rated the highest and status wise also not as exceedingly respected as in USA or Singapore.Quality of Students a couple of(prenominal) premier Institutions like IIT, NITs, political science College and certain(p) tete-a-tete universities attract the talent. Rest other(a) institutions the Aptitude & attitude to training engineering is low, hence the quality of input to such other institutes is not as per the expectations. As per the brass policies students with borderline 45% tag and for reserved category students the eligibility criteria is 40% label in Physics, chemistry and mathematics. Thus sometimes these students name very poor basics and are not basically punishing working type.Engineering education necessitate that the students should yield very good analytical skills, bedrock of basic sciences, good log ical, communicatory and non verbal abilities on with application oriented mindset, sincerity, unenviable work and ability to think and accept intimacy. Although the 12th standard marks whitethorn not directly reflect all these abilities of students but the results of the almost all the new started Engineering Institutes indicate that a striking opticed number of students are struggling with their start year results and the passing dower is as low as 10% in certain institutes. look for purificationIt is a great challenge to develop query culture in engineering institutes. The dexterity of necessity to have the aptitude and attitude to do research and get a bliss and enjoyment in carrying out research finished various projects. Generally it is seen that there is fear of taking up research work because of * Basic mindset real in school as considerably at home not to try anything new as failure in any project is not accepted * Innovation and creativity are not back u p at school, college, university level through our curriculum No free chip in precondition in terms of backing to try and experiment new things unclouded and free access to equipments to try and ladder around with equipments in laboratory so that it becomes enjoyable political science should enforce projects from their dig areas on with livelihood to the engineering institutes on with proper mentoring and counsel so that it reaches students and piecemeal research aptitude and interest is substantial instead of a fear of research. Industry Institute Interaction Graduates passing out from these institutes in general shrink up jobs in Industries and a very small percentage opt for PG or research jobs.Those opting for entrepreneurship chiefly do job for 4-5 years to conceive the business and related systems. Thus giving exposure to attention working is all-important(a). It is important that Industry based electives are disclosed in curriculum, real life projects a re given to final year students and field training actualize mandatory during the four year of engineering education. Industry academia interaction should lead to the cultivation of curriculum with manufacturing representatives, industry visits, laboratories set up with industry collaboration to bring the latest technology to institutes and develop as centre of duty etc.This industry interaction go away tie the gap between the two and our graduates go out be accepted by industry in a better way. It is discover that when we correlate the theoretical concepts with real life situation the students palpate it more than raise and easy to understand. Infrastructure Infrastructure and laboratories bring to pass the ambience for teaching learning in the institute. Lab work is the pulse of engineering program. It economic aids students to visualize what they learn in conjecture and verify the laws, phenomenon, parametric studies etc. instruction by doing is one of the basic met hods of developing thought ad plug in and acquiring various skills. It is signifi good dealt to learn what other universities around the world are doing to achieve the desired quality in engineering education. Tie up with reputed projectetary Universities to learn and understand their best implements and wherefore try to implement it back tooth help to develop quality mathematical processes. 1. 3 Our proposal to visit Singapore University Their meticulous homework was seen right from our first e-mail requesting them to give us appointment to visit their university.Appointment and document of our perpetration , objectives of our visit, what particularly and specifically we would like to see, how many state bequeath be there in delegation along with their position , who will lead it etc. all the details were finalized through email conference. We were received as per schedule, shown around the campus as per our objectives and therefore finally meeting with the presiden t and other higher officials of the university was arranged to give us the details of university through manifestation along with deliberations on areas of collaboration for mutual interest. They were truly professional in their approach.As our delegation was headed by Honorable Rural phylogeny Minister, Mr Jayant Patil, all the protocols were followed as per the status. Objectives of our Visit * To study the strategies to turn RIT in to expert University and shifting from Under Graduate Teaching Institute to enquiry Institute. * To study the best practices of respective(prenominal) universities / institutions. * To understand the Governance Structure & sustenance Pattern of the University. To study the Focus of Research, landmark Areas of Research, Research Funding and Research progress Schemes. Opportunities for Collaborative Graduate & Undergraduate Programs (Twinning Programs). * call forth of the Art Technologies in Teaching Learning (Educational Technology). * To f ind out how Universities attract and entertain the best talent world tolerant as a strength (specific strategies and schemes) * To study Industry collaboration in Research and Methods for Promotion of Entrepreneurship 2. 0 An overview of universities in Singapore Three universities were visited namely National University of Singapore, Nanyang expert University and Nanyang PolytecnicCertain observations & experience in each University * Students from all over the world could be seen do it truly an external level university, all the universities have excellent residential facilities for more than 10000 students, residential facility provided such that there is good mix up of students. * about placements international employment in companies, 2 in 3 graduates are hired sooner graduation the precept of universities is take the students to the world and bring students from the world to the university Faculty appraisal & tenure system followed in each university. Variable compe nsation given to strength based on experience and performance. Any newly inducted faculty has a tenure period of minimum 6 years which give notice be extended up to 9yrs. If the faculty is not confirmed in 9 years then the faculty is discontinued * sloshed Curriculum in association with Industry, Industry attachment programs, faculty deputed to industry for industry exposure and capacity development * Government weather Universities in the form of keep for research, student fees etc. clear cortege are intentional with state of art technology with different type of sitting arrangements in furniture, uninfected LCD screens on each argue of family unit room connected to laptop on each table so that the students can view from any side. * CR specially designed in such a way to promote interactive two way teaching process. not the traditional way of all the students facing the teacher and teacher restricted to ambo during teaching. Circular or hexagonal tables provided with 4-5 students per table. * Student entry and attendance allowed in the Class room with the use of RFID reader and bill stigmatiseer which is carried by student Teaching methodological analysis and pedagogy given lot of richness with caste rooms specially designed as per requirements * Faculty appointment through for following purpose for teaching only, for research only and few for both teaching and research * Governance Structure with Board of trustees ,Senate, Academic Council, Board of Studies, President, Provost, Deans * Entrepreneurship education special get overs and programs offered for experiential entrepreneurship, special lectures arranged by entrepreneurs and founders, courses offered in partner university Patents, publications and citations considered for appraisal of faculty * Though technological university it had proper blend of all other streams like Arts, * arts, sciences, medicine, MBA, Institute of Education, Environment and life sciences, media, Journalism, tu ition and communication etc. * Theory lectures conducted for biggish number of students from 120 to 400, up to 600 in some gaucheries, Lecture star signs & halls well furnished, with proper kindling and automatic audio and video enter facility. Lectures also put on the intranet for he students to refer to whenever required. One to one focus on students learning in tutorial sessions. * More emphasis on open & self learning. Separate Rooms provided for students with earnings and various software along with Laptops and Desktops etc in a separate instaling named as education resource centre wherein Facilities to do self study, general practice assignments/ presentations, etc. Lot of closed open spaces made available to student for purpose of study. Curriculum has focus on developing knowledge based presentation skills/ organizing thoughts.Indivithreefold Assignments and preparation of students encouraged with proper assessment and feedback to students * Research funding given by government up to 80% and 20% by industries in thrust areas identified. PG and PhD students take up such research projects under the guidance of faculty * student fees supported by government in the form of scholarships , for students from Singapore supported up to 75% and other than Singapore up to 60% * No non teaching peon level staff seen in university, Faculty was self supported great features of each University National University of Singapore The National University of Singapore (NUS) is Singapores global university with distinctive strengths in education and research and an entrepreneurial dimension. NUS offers nationwide curricula in the Faculties of Arts & Social Sciences, stock, Computing, Dentistry, form & Environment, Engineering, Law, Medicine and Science. As a research-intensive institution, the University continues to configuration on its core areas of research duty and to make an impact with revolutionary discoveries. Reflecting gruelling research output a to tal of 2,146 papers are published in internationally refereed journals.NUS is actively involved in international academic and research networks such as the Association of Pacific rim Universities (APRU) and International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU). This global networking further rises its international presence. NUS produce research of international quality and impact in a broad range of fields. To book its competitive edge, the university seeks to reinforce its core research infrastructure, faculty and programs. This is achieved by identifying and developing rapidly-emerging areas and promoting multi-disciplinary research.With a prime location at the heart of University Town (UTown), there is a immutable buzz at the Education mental imagery meaning (ERC) where many of the facilities are social 24/7. Open to the NUS community, the ERC attracts students with its array of IT and multimedia system facilities, plentiful study clusters and group password spaces whe re students can brainstorm for group projects or work individually on course assignments. Designed to foster collaborative learning, the technology-infused seminar rooms in UTown also encourage professors to introduce new teaching methods, which could eventually be replicated to the wider NUS community.Such strategic broadcastning demonstrates the Universitys commitment to enhance the overall educational experience for all NUS students. Separate Centre for English language communication (CELC)-Separate English language development programs for Faculty and students, there is focus on reading, writing, speaking and listening in English, special courses organized for Chinese students before they join regular degree programs. The Student charge Centre (SCC) offers a supportive and contributive environment for any student with own(prenominal) issues or challenges to seek help and guidance from a professional counselor.A team of registered psychologist, counselors and case coordinator provide help and support for students from diverse religious, cultural, ethnic and sexual background 3. 11 outstanding Features * Leading global university bear on in Asia. 37,000 students. * Center for English phraseology communication. * 180 partnered Universities. Research-intensive institution with Research Areas as- Ageing, guess Management, Water and Environment, Biomedical Science mainly focusing on inter-disciplinary research. Variable profit for faculty based on forward experience and achievements 3. 20 Nanyang Technological University (NTU) Nanyang Technological University (NTU) is an international university in all respect recruiting both undergrad and graduate students from many countries, not only in S E Asia and in terms of faculty recruitment but have race from well over 40 countries. IntheQS mankind University Rankings 2011, NTU is ranked 58th in the world a quantum leap from its 74th placing in the 2010 ranking.This makes NTU one of the fastest-rising uni versities in the top 100 of the 2011 QS being University Rankings, as well as the fastest-rising Asian university. It is highly ranked in both World and Asian terms and are currently ranked 14 in Asia and business concern school is ranked 24 in the World by the Financial propagation in respect to their MBA programme. There has been a renewed impetus given to research, touch on in part by the recruitment of leading scientists and technologists from across the World. These leading figures will nucleate progress research groups in forefront area.The university is fully committed to the development of multidisciplinary research in many areas of research Endeavour. The university has established its own high level international advisory body the NTUR Research Council, all major projects are expected to have high level international advisory panels and Appointments, Promotion and Tenure process for faculty is extremely rigorous. In undergraduate education, NUS has seen a rise in t he qualifications of the students admitted to NTU. NTU has flipper distinct programs that allow students to study, do research and work oversea.Among these are the Global incoming Programme, with four different work/study/research options with leading companies and partner-universities in Asia, europium and North America. Currently, 43% of undergraduates enjoy overseas exposure, which helps them acquire a global mindset. Tech-savvy and adaptable, graduates of the university are sought-after and well-paid, drawing some of the highest offset salaries among local university graduates. NTU has unveiled its five-year strategic plan, NTU 2015, which maps out how it will become a great global university by 2015.Under this, NTU will build on its current strengths and heritage to make its mark internationally in five areas sustainability, healthcare, new media, the best of the East and West, and alteration. The areas supplement NTUs diverse strengths, particularly its longstanding e xpertise in engineering and business, and the interfaces these have with various disciplines such as healthcare, science and the humanities. With almost S$1billion of research funding in the area of sustainability, NTU is already a global leader in this area. 3. 21 Salient features * Currently ranked 14 in Asia * 34,000 students Research funding 80% from Govt. and 20% from Industry. Multidisciplinary research, Research areas Earth science innovation center, Environment and aliveness science, Bioengineering, Bacterial Biofilm field Faculty on tenure for 6 years and maximum up to ix years. Alumni associations formed all over the world in countries like China, india and Thailand. Has a truehearted alumni base of 1,56,000 in 105 countries NTU mean in 4I s Inspire, inculcate, innovate, incubate Laboratories have equipments made easily available to students. very(prenominal) impressive Guest book signing ceremony with the guest and the president of NTU . 30 Nanyang Polytechnic (NYP) Campus Brief history naturalized on 1 April 1992. Enrolled its pioneer the great unwashed of students for its School of Health Sciences and School of Business Management in July 1992. Set up the School of Engineering and the School of Information Technology in July 1993. The French-Singapore Institute, German-Singapore Institute and the Japan-Singapore Institute were transferred from the Economic developing Board to the Polytechnic in February 1993. Operated from five temporary campuses Bukit Merah, Jurong, Outram, Tiong Bahru and Yishun before moving to its permanent home in Ang Mo Kio in April 1998.Set up the School of Design and School of Chemical & Life Sciences in November 2000. The School of Interactive & digital Media was established in November 2006. Mr Chan Lee Mun took over as Principal and CEO in sniffy 2007, Mr Lin Cheng Ton went on to head NYP International. 3. 31 Salient Features * Strategic plan for five years * Works with National Manpower council to work out the men needs of industry * Industry collaboration learning pulverization concept. * Teachers with at least 5 years experience in Industry . * Being a sheepskin level institute ,Patents registered. * Research drive by faculty & Industry. Polytechnic students take up research projects led by faculty. * Work closely with Industry and inject realism in work. * Innovation Centre * Market-Oriented Planning, Training Systems, Capabilities study * Application and Development Oriented Training Regional and International Orientation 3. 32 The Teaching milling machinery supposition A hallmark concept of Nanyang Polytechnic (NYP) the Teaching Factory Concept is a concept that facilitates effective learning in the implementation of broad-based curricula in the first two years and specialist studies in the final year.The students spend 3-6 months in industry for internship to understand business environment and technical value. It is a concept which adopts a practice and application- oriented training approach that combines the learning and working environment from which realistic and relevant learning experiences arise. 4. 0 Conclusion It was seen that all the three Institutes have developed into world class Universities and polytechnic within a span of 15-20 years and this was planned as a strategy and supported by Government.If India has to be known for such globally reputed universities then it calls for a systematic strategic plan to set up goals and achieve it over a planned period with the support of our government and its policies. With all the resources available in our country and strategic planning we can develop our Engineering Institutes into world class Institutes. 8 There was nothing very different in the working and organisation of NTU and NUS. Both the universities were offering Engineering programs along with all the other programs like sciences, medicine, commerce, journalism, humanities etc.Proper policies to focus on faculty development & c reation of research culture can help to transform our Engineering Institutes. There has been a shortage of qualified faculty with PhDs and post graduates in engineering for a long period now. We need to scale up PhD and PG programs in our universities ensuring the quality standards . We also should have attractive schemes to be able to attract and convince the young propagation for higher studies so that there will be a pool of suitable , qualified research minded people available to satisfy the demand of industries and education sector. There is shortage of 1. 5 lakh engineering teachers.As per NASSCOM News room as demand for engineers grows, experts say India has only 10 to 30% of qualified Instructors it needs. Government policies are supporting the government assisted & funded institutes or Government Institutes what about private unaided Institutes which comprise almost 90 % of Colleges in India, If in India more number of institutes should be able to provide hands which is employable & useful to contribute to natural Research & Development, Entrepreneurship in Engineering field, then it is must that our Engineering & Technology Institute should start adopting world class best practices.From all top Institutes almost 1/10th of our graduate engineers wish to take admission in foreign Universities for their post graduate and Ph. D. programmes. We need to reflect on this issue very seriously. How can we develop and improve prevailing engineering education system in India where our own students will give top priority to study. preempt Industries, small to medium scale view on University and Engineering Colleges for their Research & Development?Can we identify certain Institutes as centres of Research & Development for Industries where they can join? We are not thinking of large scale industries with higher turnover of more than Rs. 1000 crores as these industries can set up their own R & D units. If Industries also come forward with their needs and identify certain Education Institutes in their region to collaborate and work in concert then it will have dual benefit of getting proper work force and continuous Training as well as Research & Development support, pensiveness centre etc.The students will get real life projects to work on, will be exposed to latest techniques and they will find their engineering education more relevant though experiential learning. Industries should develop credence in Institutes so that both can work together for mutual benefit. We at RIT have developed the following action plan after the visit to transform RIT in to Technological University and also shifting from Under Graduate Teaching Institute to Research Institute. 1. Strategic planning of the institute for 5 years with the goal of transforming it into University . edifice of large capacity lecture theater (approx. 600 capacity) with all the facilities to screen and record the lectures. 3. low capacity tutorial rooms (approx. 15-20 capac ity) with convenient furniture and recording facility. 4. Faculty training at NYP of 1-2 weeks/months duration in travel technology. 5. Student exchange programs for post- graduate programs at NTU. 6. Seeking expertise in weewee science research from NUS, earthquake engineering research and nanotechnology from NTU. 7.Implementing the concept of teaching factory at undergraduate level. 8. Use of advanced Pedagogical technologies for enhancing learning effectiveness. References 1 . Abdul Lathaf Naha , The Hindu, August 16, 2011. Where have Engineering Teachers Gone? 2. Prof. PP Bahuguna, Professor, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, Faculty Crunch in Technical Institutes in India and Possible Solutions,www. indiaeducationreview. com/ name/faculty-crunch 3. www. nus. edu. sg, www. ntu. edu. sg, www. nyp. edu. sg pic Few photographs of visit to NUS, NTU, NYP